电解锰企业生产废水循环模式优化

通过对贵州省电解锰行业生产废水循环模式的调查,针对水质、水量特征进行改造:电解锰生产冷却循环水的强制排污水可降级作为电解产品和阴极板的冲洗水使用,处理后的含铬锰废水可作为制液氨水和电解清槽用水。进行以上优化后,电解锰生产废水闭路循环是可以实现的。     

生物除磷工艺技术发展

在阅读大量国内外有关文献和从事多年生物除磷研究的基础上，综述了生物除磷工艺的特点及降磷工艺的进展和现状，探讨了可控非稳态条件下周期循环生物除磷工艺的发展状况。     

我国电解金属锰行业可持续发展探讨

电解金属锰作为一种重要的冶金、化工原材料,为我国工业快速发展做出了较大贡献。但在锰资源的开采和加工过程中，存在着资源利用效率低下、生产集约程度不足、资源管理不善等多方面的问题，这不仅严重破坏了资源基础，更加重了环境恶化的趋势。我国的电解锰行业面对着资源短缺和环境保护的严峻挑战。为此，在系统分析我国电解锰行业面临的资源压力、环境压力、安全压力的基础上，探讨了我国电解锰行业可持续发展的途径和对策。重点强调国家应实行限产，适度开发，加大找矿工作力度，充分利用国内外两种资源；加快电解锰工业产业结构调整，通过并购、重组等措施发展壮大一批生产规模大、工艺先进、资源利用率高的企业；以资源和环境确定和优化经济增长模式，制定和完善电解锰行业发展政策，鼓励企业推行清洁生产。     

氯酸盐生产中三废的综合利用

阐述了从氯酸盐生产电解尾气中回收氢、从含铬废水中回收重铬酸钠和用盐泥制内墙涂料等综合利用技术。     

Establish the Long-effective Mechanism of Food Security in China

In despite of fluctuation in recent years, the grain yield in China has been increasing, which relieves the conflict between supply and demand and turns the situation of food security good. However, because of the rapid increase in food consumption, the conflicts of food quality and structure in the supply and demand equilibrium has become more and more obvious and the long-effective mechanism of food security has not been established yet. It is found that the factors affecting food security in China include the scarcity and dissipation of resources, farmers＇ low enthusiasm in planting grain crops and the inappropriateness of the emphasis and measures of macro-economic regulation and control. Therefore, the authors advance to optimize resources allocation, strengthen macro-economic regulation and control and policy stimulation and establish the mechanism of allocating grain production cost, to set up the long-effective mechanism of China food security and keep it stable in the long term.     

Establish the Long-effective Mechanism of Food Security in China

Abstract

In despite of fluctuation in recent years, the grain yield in China has been increasing, which relieves the conflict between supply and demand and turns the situation of food security good. However, because of the rapid increase in food consumption, the conflicts of food quality and structure in the supply and demand equilibrium has become more and more obvious and the long-effective mechanism of food security has not been established yet. It is found that the factors affecting food security in China include the scarcity and dissipation of resources, farmers’ low enthusiasm in planting grain crops and the inappropriateness of the emphasis and measures of macro-economic regulation and control. Therefore, the authors advance to optimize resources allocation, strengthen macro-economic regulation and control and policy stimulation and establish the mechanism of allocating grain production cost, to set up the long-effective mechanism of China food security and keep it stable in the long term.     

碱锰型电解二氧化锰生产环境影响与环保措施

主要以某公司9000t/a碱锰型电解二氧化锰技改项目环境影响评价为例,结合验收监测数据,简要介绍碱锰型电解二氧化锰生产的环境影响与环保措施.该公司采用氧化锰矿和硫铁矿混合硫酸溶液浸出--电解的生产工艺生产碱锰型电解二氧化锰,生产过程中大气污染源主要有锅炉排放的烟气,化合、电解工序产生的硫酸雾;生产废水主要有锅炉除尘废水、漂洗水及炭黑生产废水;废渣主要是压滤锰渣.     

电解铝工业危险废物处理技术的发展方向

针对电解铝工业产生的大量含氟危险废物,综述了国内外该类危险废物处理技术的发展历程和研究进展,并就目前国内电解铝工业危险废物的两种典型处理工艺进行了对比分析。指出:分类处理和浮选—浸出是目前处理电解铝工业危险废物的最佳工艺;湿法处理是实现电解铝工业危险废物资源化的技术发展方向;有价元素的进一步高效回收需要对工艺条件进行精细控制,从理论层面和分子水平进行深入研究。     

浅析电解槽大修渣安全填埋

根据电解铝行业危险废物电解槽大修渣的特点,分析了电解槽大修渣的危害性,确定了电解槽大修渣为危险废物,并按照国家对危险废物填埋相关法律法规的要求和规定,从危险废物填埋场的入场、建设、监控、封场、污染控制等几个方面,对电解槽大修渣的安全填埋处置的环保要求进行了分析,最后对电解槽大修渣填埋的预处理、填埋作业、渗滤液处置等方面提出措施,并分析了措施的有效性,为电解铝行业电解槽大修渣填埋处置提供参考建议.     

UV-B辐射增强和蒽对3种赤潮微藻生长的相互作用

通过实验生态学的方法,研究了赤潮异弯藻、亚历山大藻和中肋骨条藻的生长对UV-B辐射增强和蒽处理的响应.结果表明:低剂量的UV-B辐射和低浓度的蒽处理对3种赤潮微藻的生长有刺激作用,而高剂量的UV-B辐射处理和高浓度的蒽处理对3种赤潮微藻的生长均显示出抑制作用.UV-B辐射对赤潮异弯藻、亚历山大藻和中肋骨条藻的96 h半抑制剂量分别为1.63、2.34和2.58 J/m2,蒽处理对赤潮异弯藻、亚历山大藻和中肋骨条藻的96 h半抑制剂量分别为0.078、0.119和0.112 mg/L.在刺激浓度的蒽处理的同时,添加刺激剂量的UV-B辐射条件下,3种赤潮微藻的生长同样表现出了抑制作用.